Roman Republic: Divus Julius Caesar (49-44 BC), with L. Flaminius Chilo, as Moneyer. AR denarius (20mm, 3.63 gm, 7h). NGC Choice VF 4/5 - 3/5,...

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Fine Style Posthumous Julius Caesar Portrait

Divus Julius Caesar (49-44 BC), with L. Flaminius Chilo, as Moneyer. AR denarius (20mm, 3.63 gm, 7h). NGC Choice VF 4/5 - 3/5, Fine Style. Rome, 43 BC. Wreathed head of Julius Caesar right / L FLAMINIVS-IIII•VIR, Venus standing facing, head bowed left, caduceus in right hand, grounded scepter in left. Crawford 485/1. Sydenham 1089. Slate toning with marigold fields and crisp reliefs.

From The Peh Family Collection, Part II. Ex Heritage Auctions, Auction 3011 (14 April 2011), lot 247.

Even during his lifetime, Caesar had been worshipped as a semi-divine figure in Egypt and eastern Roman client kingdoms. Caesar claimed descent from the goddess Venus and ordered the construction of a temple to Venus Genetrix ("originator") in 46 BC; the obsequious Senate placed a statue of Caesar within along with an inscription, referring to him as a demigod, but he reportedly ordered it erased. After his assassination, Octavian and Marc Antony began an immediate campaign to have Caesar officially deified by the Senate, an unprecedented act that was resisted at first. Their efforts were greatly aided by the appearance of a bright comet, the "Julian star," in July 44 BC. Coins continued to be struck with Caesar's portrait posthumously, including this denarius of the otherwise unknown moneyer L. Flaminius Chilo. These posthumous coins contained a portrait featuring idealized characteristics. On 1 January 42 BC, the Senate officially voted divine honors to Caesar, starting a 300-year tradition of deifying "good" Roman rulers and their relations.

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